• Closing the Achievement Gap: How to Reach Limited-Formal-Schooling and Long-Term English Learners
  by Sandra P. Mercuri, Yvonne S. Freeman, David E. Freeman - Struggling older English learners pose a real challenge for educators. Some of these students are new arrivals with limited or interrupted schooling. Others have been in and out of ESL and bilingual programs in this country since kindergarten, but have never succeeded academically. This book provides research-based practices and comprehensive examples from three teachers.
  in Books & Videos/DVDs: Professional Development > English Language Learners with content freeman gap literacy long-term mercuri secondary struggling
• Closing Achievement Gaps: Improving Educational Outcomes for Hispanic Children
  This report focuses on two overlapping areas to address the undereducation of Latino students: English learners’ acquisition of English and Latino middle school students’ preparation for post-secondary education. To explore these areas in depth, the authors treat them as separate focus areas. The authors contend that these focus areas provide a foundation for high academic achievement and gateway to postsecondary education and beyond, respectively. The report proffers policy recommendations that include—but are not limited to—these two areas. It concludes by affirming the crucial nature of teacher professional development as well as learning programs and schools that facilitate success for Latinos and English learners.
  in Ed. Research and Theories > Bilingual and ESL research with achievement gap middle report school
• Science IDEAS Online - Learning & Literacy
  This article discusses the negative effects of over-emphasis on preparation for reading tests. "... allocating increased instructional time to prepare students for non-content-oriented reading tests effectively withholds opportunities for meaningful content learning for school-dependent children across grades 3-8. In turn, the resulting lack of curricular preparation of such students for high school content courses is likely a major contributor to the magnification of the “black-white” test gap from elementary to the secondary levels."
  in Literacy > Research with gap ideas literacy reading science

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