Clean Water Act (CWA) | Agriculture | US EPA The objective of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, commonly referred to as the Clean Water Act (CWA), is to restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation's waters by preventing point and nonpoint pollution sources, providing assistance to publicly owned treatment works for the improvement of wastewater treatment, and maintaining the integrity of wetlands. in Earthwith actcleanearthenvironmentfishablemineralsnpdesswimmablewater